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WORKING PAPERS
April 02, 2024
Starting in 2001, duty-free access to U.S. markets under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) led to a brief boom in African manufacturing exports, particularly apparel, which then fizzled in the face of unfettered Chinese competition after 2005. The looming expiration of AGOA—and eroding C...
Blog Post
April 02, 2024
“Trade not aid” is a slogan that appeals to certain instincts on both the left and right. The idea being that rich countries can do more for economic development in poor countries by granting them market access than by sending charity. But will market access really stimulate economic growth in laggi...
Blog Post
March 21, 2024
As many developing countries approach universal enrollment in primary school, the World Bank has emerged as one of the most prominent advocates for a pivot “from schooling access to learning outcomes” in recent decades. The most recent education strategy of the Bank, adopted in 2011, emphasizes the ...
WORKING PAPERS
March 21, 2024
Since 2011, the World Bank’s education strategy has emphasized the need to shift focus from schooling to learning, and towards primary education with special attention to foundational skills. But this shift is not always easy to see in the actual lending data. Coding new details on 25 years of World...
Blog Post
March 13, 2024
When world leaders gather in September for this year’s UN General Assembly, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) will be on the agenda. For people like me who care passionately about this issue, this is a welcome opportunity to address a global problem with a global solution. Ahead of September, we need t...
Blog Post
February 22, 2024
The process of discovering, producing, buying, and consuming antibiotics is riddled with market and government failures. To solve antibiotic resistance, it’s not enough to solve just some of these. If we fix the market failures that reduce the number of new antibiotics that are discovered, but not t...
WORKING PAPERS
February 22, 2024
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) already contributes to almost five million deaths per year. Without action, this number will likely rise substantially. We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the economic drivers of ABR, arguing that ABR in large part arises from extensive unresolved market (an...