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POLICY PAPERS
May 09, 2024
Economic migrants and refugees can bring both benefits and costs to their hosting countries. If well-integrated, they can support themselves, their families, and their hosting countries as producers and consumers. Both economic migration and forced displacement are therefore integrally linked with d...
CGD NOTES
May 07, 2024
IDA faces many headwinds—difficult aid politics in key donor countries; a high-interest rate environment that renders its financial model less efficient; and deteriorating credit quality in many of its client countries that makes risk taking less appealing. Breaking the $100 billion mark is not a po...
CGD NOTES
April 11, 2024
The pace of MDB reforms remains inadequate to have a material impact on sustainable development. Our assessment is buttressed by the results of a survey of international experts, who remain skeptical that there is enough momentum to implement sufficiently deep reforms across key areas.
We have id...
CGD NOTES
April 11, 2024
The reform agenda is long and complicated. MDB shareholders, managers, and other stakeholders need a systematic way to assess progress as objectively and independently as possible. CGD has built this MDB reform tracker for this purpose. The aim is a comprehensive tool, but also a focus on reform pro...
WORKING PAPERS
March 21, 2024
Since 2011, the World Bank’s education strategy has emphasized the need to shift focus from schooling to learning, and towards primary education with special attention to foundational skills. But this shift is not always easy to see in the actual lending data. Coding new details on 25 years of World...
POLICY PAPERS
March 18, 2024
The IMF’s Resilience and Sustainability Trust (RST) has been operational for over a year, with the first seventeen countries receiving commitments of financial support. But if lending from the RST is to achieve its objectives, the IMF should make it fitter for purpose by taking a radically different...
CGD NOTES
March 15, 2024
The November guidance on RSF seems to have addressed some of the shortcomings observed in the initial RSF programs. However, as we highlight in this note, other deficiencies remain unresolved and require attention from the IMF’s Executive Board during the upcoming RSF review.
WORKING PAPERS
January 17, 2024
The IMF is filling a critical gap in its mandate by mainstreaming gender into its work. Closing gender gaps is macro-critical because they go hand-in-hand with higher economic growth, greater financial stability, and lower income inequality. Applying a gender lens to macroeconomic, financial, and st...
POLICY PAPERS
December 11, 2023
Factors like borrowing costs and access to alternative sources of finance will likely limit country demand for World Bank climate mitigation finance absent financial incentives, which could prove costly and difficult to resource at the scale needed to have meaningful impact. There's a risk that thes...