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WORKING PAPERS
April 11, 2023
This paper focuses on the content and implementation of reforms to raise teacher quality in Peru in the period 2007-2020 in the hope that other countries facing the same challenges can benefit from this experience. We conclude with reflections on how education policy and education politics have cont...
WORKING PAPERS
April 21, 2022
Education is one of the most important public goods provided by modern governments. Yet governments worldwide seldom perform well in the sector. This raises the question: Why do governments preside over poor education quality? This paper answers this question with evidence from Tanzania.
WORKING PAPERS
April 20, 2022
In developing Asia there is potential for higher corrective taxes to help prevent many non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and contribute revenue. The productivity loss from death and disability from alcohol, tobacco and diets high in sugar-sweetened beverages in purchasing power parity dollars is PPP$...
CGD NOTES
March 03, 2022
Corrective taxes on harmful products—health taxes—are a cost-effective way to save lives and generate additional tax revenue. In new research, we show that health tax measures during COVID-19 have diminished in number and strength because the international community has mobilized additional, largely...
POLICY PAPERS
November 17, 2021
Behind the daily trauma of COVID-19 lies a larger and longer-lasting global health challenge resulting from the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages. Using a sample of 25 large advanced and emerging market economies accounting for three-quarters of global GDP, we show that ...
POLICY PAPERS
March 01, 2021
The Covid-19 pandemic has led to large budget gaps in low- and middle-income countries, with revenues projected to be reduced for years to come. This is the moment for policymakers to consider whether health taxes—levied on tobacco products, alcoholic and sugar-sweetened beverages, and polluting fue...
POLICY PAPERS
January 13, 2020
The paper provides a comprehensive overview of issues relevant to using health taxes to raise revenues in low-income countries. The paper argues that in low-income countries, health taxes can raise enough revenue to make them worthwhile and that health taxes may be better candidates for mobilizing d...
WORKING PAPERS
September 12, 2019
Most countries in sub-Saharan Africa have not implemented testing of children’s learning that can be benchmarked regionally or globally, in contrast to almost all countries in Latin America. Our analysis of the political economy of cross-national learning measurement in Latin America suggests ...
WORKING PAPERS
February 27, 2019
Achieving some absolute standard of learning for all children is a key element of global equity in education. Using the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) data from India and Pakistan, and Uwezo data from Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda that test all children of given ages, whether in sc...
CGD NOTES
August 13, 2018
Many countries’ systems of basic education are in “stall” condition.
A recent paper of Beatty et al. (2018) uses information from the Indonesia Family Life Survey, a representative household survey that has been carried out in several waves with the same individuals since 2000 and...