Global Health > Forecasting the Economic Fallout from AM...
Forecasting the Economic Fallout from AMR
About the Project
CGD set out to estimate the future economic burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by 2050. We looked at the impact of AMR on four sectors of the economy: health system, the labour market, tourism, and domestic hospitality. We also estimated the return on investment of several interventions to prevent AMR.

What Our Research Found

This research was carried out as part of a wider project with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the World Organisation for Animal Health, and RAND Europe.

Impact on GDP from Improved Treatment and Innovation in 2050 (Percentage and Total in Billion US$)

Bar graph of total GDP impact in 2050 due to improved treatment and innovation (in billion USD)

Costs and Benefits of Improved Bacterial Infection Treatments and New Drugs in 2050

Bar graph showing benefits of better bacterial infection treatments is 28 times the cost

Healthcare Cost Savings from Five AMR Interventions in 2050

Health care cost savings of five AMR intervention scenarios in 2050 with accelerated rise in AMR losing money instead of saving

GDP Impact of Five AMR Interventions in 2050

Macroeconomic impact of health care cost savings of five AMR intervention scenarios in 2050 with accelerated rise in AMR losing money instead of saving

Explore the Impact of AMR in Your Country

Explore the interactive tool

Explore Our Work on the Economic Impacts of AMR

Economic Impacts of AMR

Anthony McDonnell et al.

Global Direct Inpatient Cost of AMR

Tim Laurence, Olimpia Lamberti, Robert Smith, Tom Drake, and Anthony McDonnell

Modelling the Economic Impact of AMR

Amanda M. Countryman and Anthony McDonnell

Costing AMR Interventions

Tim Laurence and Anthony McDonnell

More on CGD’s Work on Antimicrobial Resistance

View All
  • Antimicrobial Resistance is Dangerous in More Ways Than One
    Financial Times op-ed by Anthony McDonnell.
  • Diagnosing and Solving the Economic Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance
    Ranil Dissanayake et al.
    The process of discovering, producing, buying, and consuming antibiotics is riddled with market and government failures. To solve ...
  • Improving the Antimicrobial Market for Human Health
    Anthony McDonnell et al.
    In our final working group report, we outline the principles of a Grand Bargain that we believe all stakeholders can and should si...
  • Overcoming Barriers to Improve Antimicrobial Access
    Parshuram Hotkar et al.
    India is racing against the clock in its fight against antimicrobial resistance. A combination of complex regulatory and procureme...
  • Leveraging Brazilian Leadership in the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance
    Morgan Pincombe et al.
    Facing the high—and rising—burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Brazil has an opportunity to improve access, stewardship, and...
  • G7 Investments in New Antibiotics Would Pay Off Big—For Everyone
    Rachel Bonnifield
    and
    Adrian Towse
    The world desperately needs new antibiotics—and finally, the G7 is ready match commitments with action. We already found that the ...
  • A Proposed US Program to Develop New Antibiotics Would Pay Off 28:1
    Rachel Bonnifield
    and
    Adrian Towse
    Congress has excellent legislation on the docket that would protect American citizens, yield huge returns, and create a safer, hea...
  • The UK's Role in Fighting Antimicrobial Resistance
    Anthony McDonnell
    and
    Katherine Klemperer
    To reduce the threat of antimicrobial resistance, the UK must increase investment in water, sanitation and hygiene (wash) overseas...