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POLICY PAPERS
August 07, 2023
A main driver of antimicrobial resistance is the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials. But lack of access to antimicrobials causes a large mortality burden and contributes to the spread of resistant infections. How can learnings from the use of control policies in other areas of medicine be translat...
POLICY PAPERS
November 28, 2022
The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic—in the US and around the world—highlights the potential feasibility and importance of biomedical R&D for global health and welfare. Drawing from this experience and momentum, this paper argues that the US should deepen its engagement and ambition in global hea...
POLICY PAPERS
November 23, 2022
Pull financing is an underutilized tool that can drive the development and adoption of critical technologies necessary to address the globe’s climate crisis. This paper provides tangible examples by presenting two case studies that illustrate how pull climate finance can be used to deliver urgently ...
POLICY PAPERS
November 15, 2022
Antimicrobial drugs form the backbone of modern medicine. Yet over time, use of these drugs selects for mutations that survive exposure to those same drugs, driving “antimicrobial resistance,” or AMR. In the absence of sufficient R&D investment for new antimicrobials, deaths from drug-resistant infe...
POLICY PAPERS
November 03, 2022
Pull financing is a powerful but underused mechanism for incentivising progress on hard-to-tackle social problems for which innovation or the take-up of innovation may be part of the solution. It should become part of the ongoing landscape for climate and development work. This paper sets out the sp...
POLICY PAPERS
November 10, 2021
An increasing share of official development assistance is being used for climate-related activities. This trend is continuing despite the lack of comprehensive cost-effectiveness evidence to guide spending decisions and continuing concerns that few applications are effective or efficient mechanisms ...
POLICY PAPERS
October 13, 2021
The structural changes in an economy that accompany its growth to high-income status have been predictable in Europe, the United States, and Asia, characterized by declining employment in agriculture and rising levels of urbanization driven by jobs in the modern industrial sector. As agricultural pr...
POLICY PAPERS
September 01, 2021
This paper reviews the US International Development Finance Corporation’s agriculture portfolio, and based on this review, proposes elements of an agriculture strategy that can overcome barriers to adaptation and resilience investments in the most climate vulnerable markets.
POLICY PAPERS
August 11, 2021
To help the US government make broader use of pull approaches, this policy paper surveys the ways in which US government authorities, budgetary rules, and procurement approaches either facilitate or constrain use of pull mechanisms to support R&D. It specifically focused on the budgetary “scorin...
POLICY PAPERS
August 07, 2018
Demand for and supply of “sustainable” coffee (and other commodities) have grown markedly for two decades, as has the literature analyzing the effects of voluntary sustainability standards for coffee. The evidence for assessing the impacts for smallholder producers and the environment re...