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CGD NOTES
April 11, 2024
The reform agenda is long and complicated. MDB shareholders, managers, and other stakeholders need a systematic way to assess progress as objectively and independently as possible. CGD has built this MDB reform tracker for this purpose. The aim is a comprehensive tool, but also a focus on reform pro...
CGD NOTES
March 20, 2024
Development finance institutions (DFIs) and bilateral development agencies play different yet complementary roles that ultimately aim to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. But questions remain about how well this relationship works in practice. Recent analysis suggests that DFI and developme...
CGD NOTES
March 11, 2024
Pakistan’s recent economic history shows why it has been so difficult to service the external debt and why this will continue to be a challenge in the future. First, external debt has not been used to expand public investment for many years now; instead, it has largely supported government consumpti...
CGD NOTES
July 17, 2023
Low-income countries are in a battle for their lives and livelihoods, but they lack the resources to respond effectively. As the largest single source of development finance for the world’s poorest countries, the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) must be at the center of the s...
CGD NOTES
June 16, 2023
In this note we assess the potential short-term fiscal impact of these instruments. We look at three major natural disasters over the past two years and assess how much relief each country would have received if DSCs had been included in the totality of their external debt instruments.
CGD NOTES
June 07, 2023
The Committee identifies three critical developments in the global economy with profound implications that require urgent changes at the IMF. This statement advances broad proposals to address these issues by creating an Emerging Markets Fund (EMF); modifying the G20 Common Framework to effectively ...
CGD NOTES
December 19, 2022
The next administration in Nigeria will face significant fiscal-macroeconomic challenges. This note focuses on adopting a more integrated and comprehensive framework for the conduct of fiscal policy, with emphasis on improving domestic resource mobilization, enhancing expenditure efficiency, and exp...
CGD NOTES
November 30, 2022
New challenges are emerging in developing countries, and are acute in more fragile countries. Last month, CGD hosted an event with finance ministers on MDB reform, and we now continue the conversation with this reflection from Michel Patrick Boisvert, Minister of Economy and Finance of the Republic ...
CGD NOTES
November 07, 2022
The assignment is clear. During this year’s Annual Meetings of the IMF and World Bank, shareholders instructed the World Bank to develop a work program for its own evolution (“to identify gaps in the Bank’s current institutional and operational framework…”) by the end of the year. Secretary Yellen l...