Ahead of COP27, which will take place in Egypt in November 2022, CGD hosted an event that aimed to identify the challenges of mobilizing private finance for climate action in Africa as well as the opportunities and policies needed to overcome them. From the rich discussions, we have summarized a ran...

Improving the effectiveness and traction of IMF surveillance could enable timely responses to climate-related crises. Overseeing the international monetary system and the policies of its member countries—an activity known as “surveillance”—is a key function the IMF performs to promote global economi...

Girls today are getting more education than ever before. But many girls are still being left behind. How can societies ensure they go the last mile when it comes to guaranteeing all girls have access to primary school, or the last hundred miles when it comes to quality education and access to second...

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set ambitious targets for high-quality, universal education by 2030. But existing efforts to “cost the SDGs” return unattainable price tags. In this chapter, we first review approaches to costing the SDGs in the education sector.

Ongoing and looming global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change have brought renewed attention to the delivery of global public goods (GPGs)—goods that benefit the entire world and can only be provided through cooperation between countries, like public health, climate action, and ...

Despite global and regional commitments to ensure that all children have access to education, refugee children are being left behind. Refugee enrollment in secondary school lags behind host community children in nearly all major host countries, with gaps often more severe for girls.

Africa’s informal sector remains the largest in the world. According to the International Labor Organization, it claims almost 90 percent of the economy in sub-Saharan Africa and about two-thirds in North Africa (although there is significant heterogeneity in its size across countries).